The role of inflammation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction / 生理学报

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a type of heart failure characterized by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction. With the aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes, the prevalence of HFpEF is increasing. Compared with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), conventional anti-heart failure drugs failed to reduce the mortality in HFpEF due to the complex pathophysiological mechanism and multiple comorbidities of HFpEF. It is known that the main changes of cardiac structure of in HFpEF are cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, and HFpEF is commonly associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, renal dysfunction and other diseases, but how these comorbidities cause structural and functional damage to the heart is not completely clear. Recent studies have shown that immune inflammatory response plays a vital role in the progression of HFpEF. This review focuses on the latest research progress in the role of inflammation in the process of HFpEF and the potential application of anti-inflammatory therapy in HFpEF, hoping to provide new research ideas and theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment in HFpEF.

A clinical study of influenza A virus infection with neurological symptoms in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features of children with influenza A virus infection and neurological symptoms.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of children with laboratory-confirmed influenza A and neurological symptoms who were treated in Xi'an Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January to December, 2019.@*RESULTS@#A total of 895 children were diagnosed with influenza A, among whom 291 had neurological symptoms. Boys had a significantly higher incidence rate of influenza A than girls (@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a high incidence rate of neurological symptoms in children with influenza A, and seizures are the most common symptom. Most of the patients with neurological symptoms tend to have a good prognosis, but those with ANE may have a poor prognosis.

MicroRNA Dysregulation and Steroid Hormone Receptor Expression in Uterine Tissues of Rats with Endometriosis during the Implantation Window / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Background</b>Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are involved in endometriosis, but the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) is unknown. The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between miRNA and ER/PR in uterine tissues of rats with endometriosis during the implantation window.</p><p><b>Methods</b>Twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized in three groups: endometriosis (n = 7), fat tissue control (n = 6), and normal (n = 7) groups. The female rats were mated and sacrificed on day 5 (implantation). Uterine tissues were obtained for hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and miRNA expression. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to validate the expression of rno-miR-29c-3p, rno-miR-34c-5p, rno-miR-141-5p, rno-miR-24-1-5p, and rno-miR-490-5p.</p><p><b>Results</b>The 475 miRNAs were found to differentially express between the endometriosis and normal control groups, with 127 being upregulated and 348 being downregulated. Expression of five miRNAs (rno-miR-29c-3p, rno-miR-34c-5p, rno-miR-141-5p, rno-miR-24-1-5p, and rno-miR-490-5p) were validated by RT-PCR and found to be differentially expressed among the three groups. Expression of ER and PR proteins (immunohistochemistry) in the glandular epithelium and endometrial stroma was significantly different among the three groups (all P < 0.05). Five miRNAs were involved in pathways probably taking part in implantation and fertility.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The results suggested that miRNAs, ER, and PR could play important roles in the embryo implantation period of rats with endometriosis. These miRNAs might play a role in endometrial receptivity in endometriosis.</p>

Clinical research strategy for cN0 thyroid papillary carcinoma central lymph node dissection / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the pattern of central lymph node metastasis of cN0 single thyroid papillary carcinoma and provide clinical evidence-supported proof for central lymph node dissection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The performed thyroidectomy and bilateral central lymph node dissection for 150 patients with cN0 single papillary thyroid carcinoma. The bilateral central lymph nodes were divided into 4 parts: the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area, the lower part of ipsilateral central area, the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area, the lower part of contralateral central area on the baseline of 1 cm below the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae. We analyzed the differences and influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in these 4 parts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lymph node metastasis rate in lower part of ipsilateral central area was the highest (56.7%), followed by the lower part of contralateral central area (28.0%), the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area (17.3%), and the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area (0). In the logistic analysis of multiple factors, invaded thyroid capsule was an independent factor for lymph node metastasis in both the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area (β = 0.1835, χ(2) = 0.3102, P < 0.05) and lower part of contralateral area (β = 0.3166, χ(2) = 1.4640, P < 0.05). The patients' age ≥ 45 years (β = 0.5737, χ(2) = 6.5923) and invaded thyroid capsule (β = 0.4258, χ(2) = 3.4735) were independent factors for lower part of ipsilateral central area (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area of cN0 single PTC patients could not be cleared routinely.</p>

Clinical features of drug-induced liver injury in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical features of drug-induced liver injury in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of the hospitalized children with drug-induced liver injury over 5 years were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 641 cases of hospitalized children with liver injury, there were 64 cases (10%) of drug induced liver injury. Hepatocellular injury was the most common type of drug-induced liver injury (81%). The major drugs causing drug-induced liver injury included chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics and anti-tuberculosis drugs. Rash (16%), gastrointestinal reaction (15%), fever (14%) and liver intumescence (12%) were common clinical symptoms. A part of patients with drug-induced liver injury (11%) had no symptoms and signs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Drug-induced liver injury is one of the common causes of liver damage in hospitalized children. Some children with drug-induced liver injury have no symptoms and signs. Hepatocellular injury is a major type of drug-induced liver injury in children, resulting less severe liver damage.</p>